生物检材中芬太尼类物质检测方法研究进展

就芬太尼类物质的代谢及近年来对常见生物检材中此类物质的前处理方法及检测方法进行了综述。常见的生物检材有血液、尿液、毛发,这几种检材都具有各自的检测优势和不足。毒品在血液中代谢速度快,代谢产物浓度高,但对检测时效性要求较高;尿液检测前处理简单,代谢产物易检测,但存在易污染、造假的问题;毛发检测不受其他药物影响,可追溯半年内吸毒史,但前处理步骤复杂,成本偏高。生物检材前处理主要包括液液萃取法(LLE)固相萃取法(SPE)和蛋白质沉淀法,SPE更适用于液体样本的前处理,速度更快且节省溶剂,结果重现性更好;LLE的分离效果更好。常用的检测分析方法有免疫分析法、气相色谱质谱联用法(GC-MS)、液相色谱质谱联用法(LC-MS)等。免疫分析法主要用于初筛。GC-M S主要用于分析一些极性小、易挥发、热稳定性好的物质。相对来说,LC-M S灵敏度更高,适用范围更广,目前被广泛应用。提出未来可以从毒品中存在其他类物质是否影响芬太尼类物质的检测、芬太尼的药代动力学及如何通过芬太尼类物质的空间结构准确检测等几个方面进行深入研究。     

Ag@硅氧倍半聚合物的合成及其对对硝基苯酚的催化还原性能

以氨丙基三乙氧基硅烷和草酰氯为原料,合成得到链上含亚氨基和羰基官能团的硅氧倍半聚合物。以此聚合物为载体,通过配位吸附和还原得到银纳米粒子（平均粒径约为15 nm）高度分散于硅氧烷聚合物表面的复合物。研究结果表明,复合物中银负载量（质量分数）约为13.66%,在水溶液中25℃、6 min内可将对硝基苯酚（4-NP）完全催化还原为对氨基苯酚（4-AP）,且7次循环使用后依然保持95%以上的催化活性。在常温常压条件下,催化剂的最高活性达到33.0 g_4-AP·g_Ag^-1,表现出优异的催化还原性能。     

The Chemical Compositions,and Antibacterial and Antioxidant Activities of Four Types of Citrus Essential Oils

Nanfeng mandarins (Citrus reticulata Blanco cv. Kinokuni), Xunwu mandarins (Citrus reticulata Blanco), Yangshuo kumquats (Citrus japonica Thunb) and physiologically dropped navel oranges (Citrus sinensis Osbeck cv. Newhall) were used as materials to extract peel essential oils (EOs) via hydrodistillation. The chemical composition, and antibacterial and antioxidant activities of the EOs were investigated. GC-MS analysis showed that monoterpene hydrocarbons were the major components and limonene was the predominate compound for all citrus EOs. The antibacterial testing of EOs against five different bacteria (Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Salmonella typhimurium) was carried out using the filter paper method and the broth microdilution method. Kumquat EO had the best inhibitory effect on B. subtilis, E. coli and S. typhimurium with MIC (minimum inhibitory concentration) values of 1.56, 1.56 and 6.25 µL/mL, respectively. All citrus EOs showed the antioxidant activity of scavenging DPPH and ABTS free radicals in a dose-dependent manner. Nanfeng mandarin EO presented the best antioxidant activity, with IC₅₀ values of 15.20 mg/mL for the DPPH assay and 0.80 mg/mL for the ABTS assay. The results also showed that the antibacterial activities of EOs might not be related to their antioxidant activities.     

Electrogenerated chemiluminescence biosensing for the detection of prostate PC-3 cancer cells incorporating antibody as capture probe and ruthenium complex-labelled wheat germ agglutinin as signal probe

A highly selective and sensitive electrogenerated chemiluminescence (ECL) biosensor for the detection of prostate PC-3 cancer cells was designed using a prostate specific antibody as a capture probe and ruthenium complex-labelled wheat germ agglutinin as a signal probe. The ECL biosensor was fabricated by covalently immobilising the capture probe on a graphene oxide-coated glassy carbon electrode. Target PC-3 cells were selectively captured on the surface of the biosensor, and then, the signal probe was bound with the captured PC-3 cells to form a sandwich. In the presence of tripropylamine, the ECL intensity of the sandwich biosensor was logarithmically directly proportion to the concentration of PC-3 cells over a range from 7.0 × 10² to 3.0 × 10⁴ cells mL⁻¹, with a detection limit of 2.6 × 10² cells mL⁻¹. The ECL biosensor was also applied to detect prostate specific antigen with a detection limit of 0.1 ng mL⁻¹. The high selectivity of the biosensor was demonstrated in comparison with that of a lectin-based biosensor. The strategy developed in this study may be a promising approach and could be extended to the design of ECL biosensors for highly sensitive and selective detection of other cancer-related cells or cancer biomarkers using different probes.     

A Convenient Synthesis of Pyridophenanthroline Derivatives under Catalyst Free Conditions

A three‐component reaction between an aromatic aldehyde, quinolin‐6‐amine or quinolin‐5‐amine, and tert‐butyl 2,4‐dioxopiperidine‐1‐carboxylate in reflux EtOH gave pyrido phenanthroline derivatives in high yields under catalyst free conditions. The rare C‐H…F hydrogen bond is found in the crystal structure of 6h .     

Syntheses,Structures, and Luminescent Properties of d10 Coordination Polymers with 2‐(4‐Carboxyphenyl)‐imidazo[4, 5‐f]‐1, 10‐phenanthroline and 1, 3‐Benzenedicarboxylate Derivatives

Four Zn^II/Cd^II coordination polymers (CPs) based on 2‐(4‐carboxy‐phenyl)imidazo[4, 5‐f]‐1, 10‐phenanthroline (HNCP) and different derivatives of 5‐R‐1, 3‐benzenedicarboxylate (5‐R‐1, 3‐BDC) (R = NO₂, H, OH), [Zn(HNCP)(5‐NO₂‐1, 3‐BDC)]_n ( 1 ), [Cd(HNCP)(5‐NO₂‐1, 3‐BDC)]_n ( 2 ), [Zn(HNCP)(1, 3‐BDC)(H₂O)₂]_n ( 3 ), and {[Zn(HNCP)(5‐OH‐1, 3‐BDC)(H₂O) · H₂O}_n ( 4 ) were synthesized under hydrothermal conditions. Compounds 1 – 4 were determined by elemental analyses, IR spectroscopy, and single‐crystal and powder X‐ray diffraction. Compounds 1 and 2 are isomorphous, presenting a 4‐connected uninodal (4, 4)‐sql 2D framework with threefold interpenetration, which are further extended into the three‐dimensional (3D) supramolecular architecture through π ··· π stacking interactions between the aryl rings of 5‐NO₂‐1, 3‐BDC. Compared to compound 1 , 3 is obtained by using different reaction temperatures and metal‐ligand ratios, generating a 3D framework with –ABAB– fashion via π ··· π stacking interactions. Compound 4 is a 1D chain, which is further extended into a 3D supramolecular net by hydrogen bonds and π ··· π stacking interactions. The thermogravimetric and fluorescence properties of 1 – 4 were also explored.     

荧光标记法研究鱼类GABA受体与Ro7-1986/1和Fipronil的相互作用

以苯二氮卓类化合物Ro7-1986/1和氟虫腈(Fipronil)分别与异硫氰酸荧光素(FITC)反应合成了2种γ-氨基丁酸(GABA)受体的配体荧光复合物,即FITC-Ro7-1986/1(简称FITC-Ro7)和FITC-Fipronil;利用傅里叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)和核磁共振氢谱(1H NMR)等手段对其结构进行了表征.以2种荧光配体为探针,采用荧光标记法研究了Ro7-1986/1和Fipronil与鳙鱼(Hypophthalmichthys nobilis)脑内GABA受体的相互作用,得到了亲和常数Kd和最大结合量[RT].同时考察了GABA对Ro7-1986/1与受体相互作用的影响.研究结果表明,Ro7-1986/1和Fipronil与受体的亲和常数Kd分别为(67±5)nmol/L和(346±6)nmol/L;最大结合量[RT]分别为(13.8±1.8)pmol/mg protein和(40.6±3.5)pmol/mg protein;GABA促进了Ro7-1986/1与受体的结合,进一步的研究结果表明,鱼类与哺乳动物脑中GABA受体结构相似;相对于哺乳动物,苯吡唑类杀虫剂Fipronil对鱼类GABA的亲和力较高.     

Fabrication of microporous membranes from melt extruded polypropylene precursor films via stretching: Effect of annealing

In this work, the effects of annealing conditions on the microstructure of polypropylene(PP) precursor films and further on the porous structure and permeability of stretched membranes were investigated. Combinations of WAXD, FTIR, DSC and DMA results clearly showed the crystalline orientation and crystallinity of the precursor film increased with annealing temperature, while the molecular chain entanglements in the amorphous phase decreased. Changes in the deformation behavior suggested more lamellar separation occurred for the films annealed at higher temperatures. Surface morphologies of the membranes examined by SEM revealed more pore number and uniform porous structure as the annealing temperature increased. In accordance with the SEM results, the permeability of the membranes increased with annealing temperature. On the other hand, it was found that 10 min was almost enough for the annealing process to obtain the microporous membranes with an optimal permeability.     

定量核磁共振波谱法同时测定中药虎杖中白藜芦醇和虎杖苷的含量

建立了定量核磁共振波谱法同时测定虎杖中白藜芦醇和虎杖苷的方法。样品用80%乙醇和丙酮两次超声提取净化,再用定量核磁共振波谱法测定。考察了样品预处理和核磁共振实验条件对测定结果的影响,选择氘代二甲亚砜-重水(10∶1,V/V)为溶剂,用基准物质邻苯二甲酸氢钾标定的2,3,5-三碘苯甲酸为内标,选择脉冲延迟时间为5 s,采样次数为32次。定量峰为6.388~6.391(白藜芦醇:H-2,6,d,2H)和6.322~6.330(虎杖苷:H-4,t,1H)。结果表明,NMR测定的精密度均小于0.6%,线性相关系数(r)均大于0.999,白藜芦醇和虎杖苷的检出限分别为0.23和0.24 g/L,定量限分别为0.69和1.57 g/L,包括样品提取过程的回收率分别为97.7%~103.5%(RSD=2.4%)和94.5%~99.2%(RSD=1.6%),显示出定量核磁共振法在中药定量时的可靠性。实际测定4种虎杖饮片及配方颗粒样品中白藜芦醇和虎杖苷含量分别为3.57~5.69 mg/g和12.73~24.07 mg/g。